Test+3

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Group I · Bill of Rights- ====== > ·  French Revolution - "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" The US was excited for the French because they, too went through their own. In time, the revolution was an epic fail because of Robespierre and the Reign of Terror. Fed eralists fear the freedom and democracy of the US because they say too much freedom will cause an American reign of terror. Jeffersonians called Jacobins. During this period of revolution in France, the US experienced government tensions between the democratic republicans and the Federalists. War-atmosphere. Under Washington, the US remained neutral regarding the French Revolution
 * anit-federalists were unhappy with the constitution becasue it did not provide a garuntee of rights so James MAdison drafted the Bill of Rights, which were the first 10 amendments of the constitution that served as a garuntee of American rights

· Alien and Sedition Acts- Passed by Federalists. Alien Acts were created inregard for immigration, you had to wait 14 years to become a citizen & they gave the president power to deport people. They were eventually repealed. The Sedition Acts underminded the Democratic Republic political power & spoke out against the government. People were not allowed to speak out against the government and they expired in 1801. American (“Know-Nothing”) Party- For a short while there was a Nativist party, also known as the “know-nothing” party or American party. They wanted to eliminate immigrants. They also wanted political offices to only be held by people who were American born. · Seneca Falls Convention- Gender roles were well set in the 1800s. Their job is still to be mothers and to stay in the home. They are beginning to feel that the home is too restricted. Women organize a convention at Seneca Falls NY to discuss women’s rights. They write the declaration of sentiments. One of the things they discussed was the right to vote.

Group II
Battle of Tippecanoe- Henry Harrison is nominated for president against Martin Van Buren. He was known for his war exploits in the Battle of Tippecanoe. He won. Harrison and his running mate John Tyler were portrayed as men of the people. Tyler was actually one of the FFV. Their slogan was “Tippecanoe and Tyler too.” This shows that politics has changed. It was now fashionable to be democratic, even if they were wealthy and aristocratic. Politics was becoming about the people. · Battle of New Orleans- During the war or 1812, both sides became  weary and decided to meet in Ghent- create the Treaty of Ghent which is an armistice (decide to stop fighting). There is still fighting going because they had not heard out the treaty. British troops attack New Orleans, but Andrew Jackson turns around 8,000 British troops overnight. For this win, Jackson becomes a national hero.  Henry Clay - During the election of 1824, many people are looking for new leadership and see Jackson as the man to do this. Jackson wins the popular vote but does not win the electoral vote. The race is left up to the House of Representatives. During this time, Henry Clay was the speaker of the house and a rival of Jackson so he swings his vote for Adams. Jackson’s supporters were angry and called it the corrupt bargain and vowed to put him into office in 1828. Clay also was a part of the Nullification crisis. Jackson did not like the idea of South Carolina nullifying a federal law, and so Henry Clay, not wanting Jackson to be the hero, said that the tariffs on imported goods should be reduced gradually and South Carolina agrees.  The Bank “War”- Jackson sees the nation bank as being undemocratic because it is not controlled by the people. Only an elite circle of wealthy investors have a say in bank policies. He doesn’t agree that the people should have no say on where their tax dollars are being held. The western farmers are upset because the bank is foreclosing their farms. The bank charter is not to expire for four more years. Clay proposes a bill in 1832 right before Jackson was to be reelected, in an effort to back Jackson in a corner by extending the contract. Jackson uses the veto power for the first time without saying that the bill was unconstitutional. The common people are very pleased that Jackson had done this. Jackson wins 219 to 49 by the electoral votes. · William Henry Harrison-<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'">William Henry Harrison is nominated for president against Martin Van Buren. He was known for his war exploits in the Battle of Tippecanoe. He won. Harrison and his running mate John Tyler were portrayed as men of the people. <span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-variant: small-caps"> Group III ·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> Federalist Party- the federalists were meeting in Hartford, Connecticut. They discuss many ideas and send a representative to deliver them to congress. Some of the ideas that they proposed in Washinton ended up making the party look rather dumb and treasonistic. The party has a downward spiral from this point on. ·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> Democratic-Republican Party- <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'">After the demise of the Federalists, the only real party is the Democratic-Republicans with several small factions. They supported Andrew Jackson and encouraged state's rights. ·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-size: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif">Hartford Convention- the federalists were meeting in Hartford, Connecticut. They are upset about the war because they didn’t favor it in the first place. They were angry that they had been losing money (because of they are primarily ship-builders). A small minority begins to discuss secession. They discussed how to get rid of the 3/5 compromise because they felt that it made them lag behind the agricultural South. They also proposed a bill to prevent two consecutive presidents from the same state (taking aim at the “Virginia Dynasty”). They sent some delegates to Washington to propose these ideas at the same time that word comes that there is no longer a war. They look rather dumb and treasonistic. This marks the beginning of the end of the Federalist Party. <span style="font-size: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal">  Andrew (“Old Hickory”) Jackson- Wins the election of 1832 because he was popular with the common people and a symbol of the american dream. He was famous for his defeat of the British during the Battle of New Orleans, and for claiming Spanish Florida for the US during the Seminole War. During the Nullification crisis, even though He did not support the tariff, he followed the law and made SC pay the tariff. ·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> Two-party system __Democrats__- Favor states rights and Federal restraint __Whigs-__ Favor a new national bank, internal improvements and moral reforms, and protected tariffs Have 2 broad based parties that are both trying to mobilize as many voters as possible. These g roups aren't restricted to class and neither party can take a real harsh stance on an issue. This Two Party system fails on States Rights relating to slaves

Group IV ·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal">  “loose construction” versus “strict construction” Loose construction means that when reading the constitution do not take it word for word but there is room for interpretation. Strict construction means that when reading the Constitution read it word for word and there is no room for interpretation ·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions Created after the alien and sedition acts were created. Madison and Jefferson wrote anonymous resolutions to try and get rid of these acts and sent them to the Kentucky and Virginia legislature. These resolutions stated that the federal government was gaining too much power and taking away some of the states power. Also saying that the federal government did not have the power to determine sedition and the rights of immigrants, that this should be left up to the states. ·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> sectionalism versus nationalism Sectionalism is favoring ones section over the nation. Nationalism is favoring the nation over ones section. ·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> // McCulloch v. Maryland // (1819) Maryland attempts to tax the bank of the US in order to destroy it by heavy taxes. This g oes before the supreme court. Marshall uses a loose interpretation of the constitution and presents the idea of implied rights under the constitution Maryland is prohibited from taxing the US bank because it is an implied power of the constitution. The national government has the power to tax under the constitution They need a place to put this money, so it is implied that they need a bank in order to keep it.

·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> Nullification Crisis- <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'">the heart of the issue is the Tariff of 1828 (tax on imported goods AKA Tariff of Abomination or Black Tariff). It hit the South especially hard because they are more agricultural and have less agriculture. Southerners feel that they are being charged for the benefit of the Northeast. South Carolina leads the charge against the federal interference. SC nullifies the tariff because they are by law allowed to do this to a federal law. Jackson is not a strong supporter of the tariff, but he cannot allow a state to start a precedent of making laws null and void. Privately, Jackson threatens to invade South Carolina and hang the “nullies.” <span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-variant: small-caps"> Group V ·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal">  Louisiana Purchase ·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> War of 1812- <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'">Americans are not successful at the beginning of the war with the most powerful nation. Many government buildings are burning in DC in August 1814 but Americans held of British in Baltimore. They don’t necessarily need to defeat the British… they just need to convince them to back off. Both sides grow weary and decide to meet in Ghent- create the Treaty of Ghent which is an armistice (decide to stop fighting). There is still fighting going because they had not heard out the treaty. British troops attack New Orleans, but Andrew Jackson turns around 8,000 British troops overnight. ·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> Monroe Doctrine- <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'">Russia is in the Pacific NW (today- Oregon.. Alaska). Monroe is very concerned about having monarchial neighbors. The Doctrine says that they can keep their current territory, but the US will see it as a threat if they try to interfere in the Americas. It doesn’t accomplish much, but it says that the US is ready to intervene. ·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> Seminole War- <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'">Jackson is leading troops against the Indians in Georgia. His role was to keep slaves from running off to Spanish Florida. He launches attack on the territory of Spanish Florida. He claims the territory for America. This was also known as the "Panic" and was an economic recession that was occurring. The frontiersmen were losing their their farms and were looking for a new leader and someone to look up to. This was around the time of the upcoming election and Jackson appears to be the answer to this problem becasuse he symbolizes democracy. ·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> Market Revolution All of the internal improvements tie the nation together in one national market and allows goods to be shared all around the united states. This created large factories and businesses. People make a lot of stuff and then ship it out all over the country Many people begin to go work in the factories instead of in their homes, producing their own goods
 * 1) Big factories and businesses become more common and profitable
 * 1) Economic center of production is no longer the household, but in the factories and businesses
 * 2) Market revolution is the change from household to business and that there is a national market for things to be sold at
 * 3) Occurs near railroads
 * 4) Widens gap b/t rich and poor